3 1 2022 2022-02-28 https://jlp.ibupress.com/issue/volume-3-issue-1 2671-342X 2671-3438 Balkan University Press https://jlp.ibupress.com

pandemic-law-case-of-republic-of-north-macedonia 2022 3 The pandemic defined as an epidemic spread to larger regions is not unknown in the world. There are many pandemics in history that have had far-reaching consequences for humanity like plague, cholera, flu, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARSCoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). But so far there has been no pandemic of this magnitude and such consequences as the Covid-19 pandemic, with so many infected and dead people. It has literally paralyzed life and led to unprecedented health, economic, political consequences on a global scale. The blow from Covid-19 was so great that even after almost two years we can not say with certainty when and if we will return to normal life at all, i.e. life before the pandemic. Many countries around the world are still struggling to fight the virus. As was the case in every area, Covid-19 had a serious impact on the legal systems. Many countries were not ready to deal with the coronavirus with appropriate legislation in terms of implementing appropriate measures to help their citizens. Thus, due to the urgency of the situation, new laws to combat the coronavirus were adopted in a speedy manner, and in some countries a number of decrees with a force of law were adopted in a state of emergency such as the case of North Macedonia. In this paper I will refer to the content of some of those decrees in North Macedonia, the need for them, the disputed provisions, especially those that directly violate the basic human rights guaranteed by the Constitution of the Republic of North Macedonia. The key question that needs to be answered is the appropriateness of those measures contained in the decrees, whether and to what extent they prevented the spread of the virus. But it is also equally important to find the answer to the question of the role of the legal systems, whether law as such will continue to exist in the same form and with the same content or we are already in the process of creating the so-called pandemic law.

]]> human rights, decrees, pandemic laws, restrictions, Covid-19 2022-02-28 https://jlp.ibupress.com/articles/pandemic-law-case-of-republic-of-north-macedonia 1 5-15 en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://jlp.ibupress.com/file/330/37-pdf.pdf Nikola Dacev International Balkan University, Skopje, North Macedonia true 2671-342X 2671-3438 Balkan University Press https://jlp.ibupress.com

e-litigation-in-the-republic-of-north-macedonia-near-or-distance-reality 2022 3 The trend of the digitalization of the trade and communications led to digital transformation of the public services. The courts as judicial power have to become part of this process. In that order the civil procedure i.e. litigation, must be reformed and updated. This is why the issue of legal regulation of e-litigation is more and more important. Precisely because of this the subject of this paper is an analysis of the Strategic plan of the Ministry of Justice 2020-2022, the Strategy for information and communication technology in the judiciary 2019-2024 of the Ministry of Justice and the Information with planned activities for digitalization in the judiciary for 2021 of the Government of Republic of North Macedonia and the Macedonian legislation in the context of the possibility of functioning of e-litigation,. The main thesis of this paper is that currently the Law on Civil litigation does not sufficiently regulate the issue of e-litigation. Due to this, the Macedonian legislator is facing the challenge to prescribe precise and clear rules for conducting e-litigation as soon as possible, as well as to provide conditions for the e-litigation rules really to work in the practice of the courts

]]> e-litigation, strategy, digitalization, amendment, legislation 2022-02-28 https://jlp.ibupress.com/articles/e-litigation-in-the-republic-of-north-macedonia-near-or-distance-reality 1 16-31 en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://jlp.ibupress.com/file/329/38-pdf.pdf Zorica Stoileva Ss. Cyril and Methodius University true Dijana Gjorgjieva International Vision University, Gostivar, North Macedonia 2671-342X 2671-3438 Balkan University Press https://jlp.ibupress.com

the-global-framework-for-fighting-financial-crime 2022 3 There is growing consensus that the current global framework for fighting financial crime is not as effective as it could be, and that more needs to be done at the international, regional and national levels to help identify and stem the flow of illicit finance – an activity which supports some of the worst problems confronting society today, including terrorism, sexual exploitation, modern slavery, wildlife poaching and drug smuggling. Financial crime is both a contributor to societal ill and a threat to financial stability and financial inclusion, and its mitigation and prevention must be prioritised. While billions have been invested to tackle this type of criminality, greater emphasis needs to be placed on bolstering the efforts of law enforcement with the help of the private sector and ensuring the legal and regulatory framework and financial crime risk management toolkit are enhanced to enable stakeholders to achieve more effective outcomes. This paper sets out three broad areas of focus for both the public and private sector to consider; the systemic stability and societal effects of financial crime, limitations on the effectiveness of the global financial crime risk management framework and a way forward on improving that global framework

]]> financial crime, systemic stability, societal effects, risk management standards 2022-02-28 https://jlp.ibupress.com/articles/the-global-framework-for-fighting-financial-crime 1 32-45 en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://jlp.ibupress.com/file/328/39-pdf.pdf Haris Muminovic International Balkan University true 2671-342X 2671-3438 Balkan University Press https://jlp.ibupress.com

the-osce-odihr-human-dimension-quo-vadis 2022 3 In the scientific research was analyzed the importance role of the OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR). The activity spectre are support, assistance and expertise to participating States and civil society for promoting democracy, rule of law, human rights and tolerance, and non-discrimination. The article gives comprehensive study of the main point Office: elections, review legislation and government advices on how to develop and sustain democratic institutions. The author underlines the ODIHR training programmes for government and law-enforcement officials to assist and monitor human rights. We showed how ODIHR has developed a collection of resources and steps to raise awareness about discrimination, hate crimes, anti-Semitism and other forms of intolerance. We also examined, all in all, questions connected with the place and role of the Office in the architecture of the European security receive equal attention.

]]> 2022-02-28 https://jlp.ibupress.com/articles/the-osce-odihr-human-dimension-quo-vadis 1 46-55 en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://jlp.ibupress.com/file/327/40-pdf.pdf Marina Gorbatiuc true 2671-342X 2671-3438 Balkan University Press https://jlp.ibupress.com

the-process-of-decolonization-and-its-impact-in-ir 2022 3 This paper describes two faces of decolonization: the historical part from its beginning and the analytical part its impact in the International Relation. The purpose of this paper is to describe how much the colonization and decolonization has influenced the development of states in International Relations till today. Decolonization in most discussed cases is automatically connected with the rise of new states based in nationhood. Security, freedom, order, justice, and welfare are at least five basic social values that states are usually expected to uphold, and three basic traditional International Relation theories regard the state system as a valuable core institution of modern life and recognize the significance of these basic values. From the historical perspective and from the analysis of many authors on the issue of decolonization, three waves of decolonization are usually counted, but in more detail some authors count up to six waves. The analytical part of the paper proves that with decolonization was opened a worldwide international system, the power of influence passed from the Europeans to the USA and the Soviet Union, self-determination replaced imperialism, superpowers gradually weakened with the economic and moral rise of other highly developed countries moving to a polycentric world, European decolonization in the Third World more than tripled the membership of the UN, state system became completely global, Third World took its place as a new player in the international arena, the problem of weak and fragile states became more important. 57 The analyses is based on the information taken from scholar books of different authors, research articles from credible journals and information and documents from official web sites of certain named institutions. We used descriptive and analytical method to arrive at the conclusion of this topic, proving theoretically and practically that decolonization has had a huge impact in international relations in the whole world.

]]> 2022-02-28 https://jlp.ibupress.com/articles/the-process-of-decolonization-and-its-impact-in-ir 1 56-66 en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://jlp.ibupress.com/file/326/41-pdf.pdf Fjollë Nuhiu true Qazime Sherifi Bekim Bislimi 2671-342X 2671-3438 Balkan University Press https://jlp.ibupress.com

from-the-past-to-the-present-genocide-and-ethnic-cleansing-crimes 2022 3 From the past until nowadays genocide is one of the fundamental crimes of humanity that cause to damage target groups like ethnic cleansing. Although Genocide and Ethnic Cleansing have commons there are separation points that exist. Also, both concepts can create similar development processes and consequences but under international criminal law, ethnic cleansing does not define as a crime, which creates huge problems with trials of ethnic cleansing and separation between genocide. Because of that “Elimination” purpose can be similar but ethnic cleansing more focus on specific areas and ethnic groups. This research will investigate historical developments of genocide and ethnic cleansing and find out common and separation points to create a general review of historical events and legal precedents.

]]> Crime, Genocide, Ethnic Cleansing, International Criminal Law 2022-02-28 https://jlp.ibupress.com/articles/from-the-past-to-the-present-genocide-and-ethnic-cleansing-crimes 1 67-76 en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://jlp.ibupress.com/file/325/42-pdf.pdf Emina Karo International Balkan University true Ali Suat Pişkin 2671-342X 2671-3438 Balkan University Press https://jlp.ibupress.com

strategic-assets-and-national-security-imperatives-the-case-of-chinese-investment-in-israel 2022 3 This article analyzes the implications of states’ decision to grant the right of operating their strategic assets to foreign entities. As defined in this article, strategic assets consist of possessions such as transportation and communications systems, which are vital for the functioning of a population in a given geographical space. Given the critical importance of strategic assets, it is a controversial choice by leaders to grant the right to operate them to foreign firms, which may have motivations beyond economic considerations. Foreign firms, for example, may engage in malign acts such as stealing information of vital importance or monitoring the activities of the institutions of the host state. In addressing the question of under what conditions states may allow foreign investors to administer their strategic possessions, this work will take China’s investment activities in Israel as its case study, specifically focusing on China’s acquisition of the right to operate Israel’s strategic Haifa port. By way of conclusion, China’s investment activities in Israel show that threat perception and level of political relations are crucial determinants in foreign entities’ ability to secure strategic tenders abroad.

]]> Strategic assets, National security, Israel, China 2022-02-28 https://jlp.ibupress.com/articles/strategic-assets-and-national-security-imperatives-the-case-of-chinese-investment-in-israel 1 77-86 en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Eray Alim Batman University true 2671-342X 2671-3438 Balkan University Press https://jlp.ibupress.com