DIGITALIZATION IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: A COMPARISON OF PRACTICES IN ALBANIA, TÜRKİYE AND NORTH MACEDONIA

This article addresses digitalization processes in the field of public administration for Albania, Türkiye, and North Macedonia and examines in depth the digital management strategies, achievements, challenges, and future plans of these three countries. A transformation process has been initiated in Albania, which offers various e-services such as e-Albania. Türkiye has made a significant transformation in the digital field by offering a wide range of services to citizens through the e-Government Gateway. North Macedonia’s aim was to facilitate access to public services through early digital reforms and initiatives such as the One Stop Shop project. This study reveals the common challenges and opportunities the three countries have faced in their digitalization journeys and emphasizes the importance of investments in digital infrastructure, digital literacy programs, and cross-sector collaboration. As a result, Albania, Türkiye, and North Macedonia’s efforts to digitalize public administration show them to have taken important steps toward a more transparent, effective, and participatory management approach.